What are two differences between user-level threads and kernel-level
threads? Under what circumstances is one type better than the other?
Answer: (1) User-level threads are unknown by the kernel,whereas the
kernel is aware of kernel threads. (2) On systems using either M:1 orM:N
mapping, user threads are scheduled by the thread library and the kernel
schedules kernel threads. (3) Kernel threads need not be associated with
a process whereas every user thread belongs to a process. Kernel threads
are generally more expensive to maintain than user threads as they must
be represented with a kernel data structure.
threads? Under what circumstances is one type better than the other?
Answer: (1) User-level threads are unknown by the kernel,whereas the
kernel is aware of kernel threads. (2) On systems using either M:1 orM:N
mapping, user threads are scheduled by the thread library and the kernel
schedules kernel threads. (3) Kernel threads need not be associated with
a process whereas every user thread belongs to a process. Kernel threads
are generally more expensive to maintain than user threads as they must
be represented with a kernel data structure.
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